5 thoughts on “The background and origin of the Ukrainian crisis and the Crimean crisis”
Kevin
The background and origin of the Ukrainian crisis: The most fundamental reason for the political crisis in Ukraine is the deep confrontation of domestic people on the issue of "walking east" or "walking west". This fundamental contradiction has not been resolved, and the soil in Ukraine's situation has always existed. Fehr said that from the analysis of population and geographical factors, about one -third of the Ukrainian population speaks of Russian, most of them live in the eastern region near Russia and advocate closely related to Russia; about two -thirds of the population talk Ukraine, mainly living in the central and western regions, tend to be closer to the European Union. Fehr believes that no matter who is elected president, one of them will be regarded as "their own", and the other is regarded as "enemy" or a "spokesperson" of a certain overseas forces. This kind of opposition has never been eased, which has become a brewing hotbed that is brewing more crisis. It is easy to ferment into a political turmoil after a fiscal crisis has deteriorated and government position mutations. The background and origin of the Crimean crisis: Crimea is a multi -ethnic area mainly Russia, and returning to Russia's separate group is active, which is very sensitive to the national policy of Ukraine. The crux of the disturbance of Crimea's political situation is the problem. In Crimea's population composition, Russians account for more than half of them. Ukraines are ethnic minorities. Therefore, Russia's cultural influence has always dominated. Most residents only speak Russian, listen to Russian broadcasts, and watch Russian TV.
The expansion information: On November 22, 2013, Ukraine pro -European faction launched anti -government demonstrations in Kyiv, protesting the masses requested that the government and the European Union signed an agreement, Yanukovic stepped down, and held elections in advance. On February 22, 2014, Yanukovic was dismissed by the President and announced that he held the presidential election on May 25 of the same year. Subsequently, the Crimean crisis and the Donbass war broke out in the Ukrainian situation. On March 11, 2014, the Crimean parliament passed the Crimean independence declaration. On April 7, the pro -Russian Russia of Ukrandaton was announced "independently invested in Russia." On April 30, Turchino announced that the force of the black armed forces entered a state of comprehensive combat reserve and decided to recruit troops. On May 12, 2014, Donetsk and Lugusk State in eastern Ukraine announced the establishment of an independent "sovereign country" Donetsk People's Republic and the Lugusk People's Republic. On May 25, Ukraine held a presidential election. On the 27th, the Ukraine government claimed to regain Donetsk Airport. Reference materials Source: Baidu Encyclopedia-Ukraine Crisis Reference materials Source: Baidu Encyclopedia Crimea incident
From a political level, Wu is a small chess game, and the crisis is the opposition. The United States and Europe funded the rebellion forces, and Russia supported the forces of Black and Russia. The United States and Europe do not want to see Ukraine's return to Russia's embrace, because it will mean that the former Soviet forces have risen, and from the perspective of Russia, it should no longer be allowed to be degraded by the CIS territory. As early as the 17th century, Tsarist Russia fought nine wars with Turkey, and eventually returned Crimea into the Russian territory. Later, Western Wuxi entered the Polish territory, and West Wu was the grain area of the food area, and the East Wu was a multi -Russian -Russian -Russian -Russian -Russian -based business area. In various industries, the oligarchs of various industries have been manipulating politics, elections, and economic and financial life. The past presidents and party factions were predecessors of capital interest groups. The party fabricated each other to compete for the right to speak and coaxed you to sing. Out of capital interests, the United States and Europe use the United States and Europe to use the banner of democracy to motivate the people to continue fighting. From a strategic point of view, Crimea is easy to defend and has a very important military significance for the situation in Eastern Europe. It has always been a place for all parties to compete in the war. For example, Crimea occupied Crimea and lost heavy losses. Crimean's 60%of the population is Russia, and they support Russia to merge Crimea into Russia. In 1954, Krigeria was placed at Ukraine during the period. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Kena Peninsula became part of Wu, and many Peninsula citizens were dissatisfied with it. The Crimean Peninsula announced independence in 1992, but the international community generally did not recognize it, and it was decided to stay in Ukraine in the form of the "Autonomous Republic". Starting from the start of the Eastern Partner Program (EU) in 2009 (EU) (the plan to establish a closer relationship with the six member states of the Soviet Union), the European Union has spent a lot of time money and diplomatic means to try to recruit six countries including Wu. However, the EU's actions seriously infringed Russia's strategic interests, so Russia began to involve strong intervention. As a result, before the EU's draw is about to take effect, Putin decisively pulled the Ukrai government back to the CIS camp, triggering the crisis of the Ukraine. Ke has a decisive role in Russia's border defense security. It is also the representative of the Ukraine forces, and it will inevitably become the center of the Ukraine conflict. Therefore, the interests of the interests of national history, geopolitics, and the United States, Europe, and Russia are the causes of crisis. The extension interpretation: In Russian, the word Ukraine means "on the edge" and "edge zone". For a long time, the Ukrainians have been embarrassed for this. Around 1990, the political democratization reform launched by Gorbachev was in trouble, and the unified Soviet country was in danger. It was Ukraine the first banner of "independence" and "sovereignty". Around 1990, the former "Comrade of the First Secretary" of the Clarvurchuk of the Republic of Ukraine of the CPSU, a change of body and becoming the "President" of the Republic of Ukraine. He attempted to let Ukraine get rid of the Soviet Union, put it into the Western camp, and squeezed into the "European family" of democracy, civilization, and prosperity. . More than 20 years have passed, and things are contrary to their wishes. Ukraine, known as "European Grain", has the largest proportion of engineers in the Soviet Union, and the most developed country in manufacturing and engineering technology has almost fallen into the "bottom" of the development of 15 joining the Republic of the Soviet Union. From 1992 to 1999, the GDP of Ukraine decreased by 75%, and about 70%of people lived under poverty, and life was far worse than the Soviet period. 10 years later, Ukraine broke out another "orange leather". Some international political forces cheered and ecstatic, thinking that this was the "fourth wave" of international democratization after the end of the Cold War.然而，没过多久，“色革”狂热之后，一切又现回了原形：“变了色国家”的老百姓从“失望到激动，从激动到希望，从希望到等待，从等待到忍耐，从Patience will be disappointed again and again. After being tossing and being fooled, the people came to a sad conclusion -color leather could not create the myth of democracy and happiness; the output of Western countries was not "true democracy", nor did they regard them as "real friends"; The output is chaotic and disorderly, pursuing geopolitical private interests; Ukraine is just a chessboard on a big country, and ordinary people are just a stepping stone for politicians to fight for power. In fact, Ukraine is not so much "democratic", it is better to say that political commercialization, marketization, gangs, and regionalization; rather than democratic politics, it is better to fight politics, gang fights, liquidation politics, and liquidation politics and liquidation politics and liquidation politics and liquidation. Revenge culture. Democracy is just a means of competing for interests, and parliament has become a place for competition. The people who have power have been the "Iron and Steel King" in the past few years, and then the "princess of natural gas", so repeated. Here, the generalization of inferior democracy and democratic traps can be accurate. In 2005, even Krav Chuk himself said very much: "If in 1991, if I knew that the motherland would fall to such a situation, I would rather cut off my hands and would not sign the" Bolovir Ri Agreement Agreement "!" . another 10 years later, the "democratic model" became "democratic chicken ribs": democracy deteriorated, social retrogression, and the road was lost. The changes in the president and the prime minister are like a horse lamp, the corruption is popular, the political liquidation continues, and the national order is chaotic. It over 20 years, the political changes in the Soviet Union Eastern Europe are thought -provoking. Many ethnic split forces in the Eastern European region of the Soviet Union or aliens within the Communist Party changed their body, from the "first secretary" to "elected president". Once they seized the power of the country, these "free democracy" soils immediately became dictators. The force dispels the parliament, deceives the world, corrupted, and embarrass Western supporters. Democracy has been means and vulgar, and has become the slogan and means of political struggle. After some political forces label themselves on "democracy", they have found the political asylum and protective colors. Since then, they have been exempt from criticism and can explain the rights of others. For more than 20 years, Ukraine and other countries have lost their development roads, completely caught in the quagmire, and cannot extricate themselves. Swing left and right, pulling east, or east or west. Although the tense of the past three months is ups and downs, it is not surprising. It can be said that the political logic is inevitable. Ukraine returns to its original point 10 years ago and 20 years ago. Looking at the future, if all parties in Ukraine cannot reach consensus on fundamental issues such as the national construction and development path as soon as possible, but continue to fall into the quagmires such as party disputes, ethnic and regional contradictions, and continue to conduct the interests of the wealthy and party interests, then Ukraine then It will not be able to fundamentally get rid of the constraints of "seams" of the great power, to escape the strange circle of "periodic" political turmoil, nor can it get rid of the muds of marginal survival.
In terms of internal factors, the Ukraine crisis has been swaying on the issue of or westing or west since the Soviet Union's disintegration. The oligopoly is forced to be in power. In terms of factors, the two superpowers of the United States and Russia continue to fight against the dark and middle. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the United States and Europe continued to expand eastward. A group of small brothers of the former Soviet Union joined the military organization NATO for the former Soviet Union, and encouraged the second largest Soviet Union to join Ukraine to join NATO. Due to beasts, especially fighting. And Russia used most people in the east of Ukraine to accounted for most people. The border between Russia and Ukraine was long, inciting local people's independence, and using anti -government armed forces to carry out armed struggle with government forces to consume the national strength of the Ukraine from military and economic consumption. At the same time, Crimea's independence, which was semi -jurisdictional, has achieved the most important strategic base of the Black Sea.
Russian President Putin attended a press conference at the New Ogaror Wo Wo official residence on the outskirts of Moscow. Putin said on the same day that Ukraine is happening a "unconstitutional coup", and Russia can use the army for Ukraine only in the "most extreme case". This is the first time that Putin has made a public statement after the upgrade of the Ukrainian situation. Crimea is located on the Crimean Peninsula in southern Ukraine. It is the only autonomous republic in Ukraine. Such an important geographical location determines that Russia will not hear it. In fact, as early as the 17th century, Tsarist Russia fought nine wars with Turkey, and eventually returned Crimea into the Russian territory. From a strategic perspective, Crimea is easy to defend and has a very important military significance for the situation in Eastern Europe. It has always been a place for all parties to compete in the war. During World War II, the Germans lost heavy losses when they occupied Crimea. The 60%of Crimea today is Russia. With these people, they support Russia and hopes to merge Crimea into Russia. In addition, there are Ukrainians and crickets on the Crimean Peninsula. In the Stalin era, the people were suspected of helping the Germans and suffered racial exiles. About 46%of the exiled people died of hunger and illness. The Rimeian Peninsula, so the people are confused about the Russians. Today, about 300,000 people living in Crimea, accounting for 14%of the total population. In 1954, Kirimia was classified to Ukraine during his administration. 1991 After the Soviet Union, the Crimean Peninsula became part of Ukraine, and many peninsula residents were dissatisfied with this. The Crimean Peninsula announced independence in 1992, but the international community generally did not recognize it, and then decided to stay in Ukraine in the form of the "Autonomous Republic". Crimea has a decisive role in Russian border security security. This is also the representative of Ukraine's pro -Russian forces, and it will inevitably become the center of the subsequent development of the Ukraine conflict. Since the outbreak of the Ukraine crisis, Krimea has continued to meet Russia on the streets, and the situation has intensified, which has obviously become a new explosion of crisis. Themoval of the Fang's wrestling in Crimea since the riots in Ukraine. On February 26, the pro -Ukraine demonstrators clashed with pro -Russian demonstrators in the Crimean capital, Sinfelopol. On February 27, the Parliament and Government Building of Ukraine Autonomous Republics rose to the Russian flag. On February 28, the Russian Ministry of Defense stated that the Russian Black Sea Fleet armored forces had entered Crimea to protect the security of the garrison. On March 1, the Russian Federal Commission unanimously adopted the proposal of Russian President Putin and decided to authorize the Russian troops to send troops in Ukraine. On March 1, after the Russian military forces entered Crimea, US President Barack Obama and Putin talked to the situation on Ukraine. The United States condemned Russia's "military intervention" Ukraine and asked the Russian general to "withdraw" its base in Crimea. On March 2nd, most of the Wu garrisons were "inverted", and the Russian outbreak of march supported the sending troops. On March 3, the Russian Black Sea Fleet issued a final warning to the Ukrainian army stationed in Crimea, limited to surrender before 11:00 on the 4th Beijing time, otherwise it will "face storms." The warning caused the entire situation to heat up again. On March 4, Putin held a press conference in the residence in the suburbs of Moscow, saying that he would not move in Crimea for the time being.
Crimea is located in the Crimean Peninsula in southern Ukraine. It is on the verge of the Black Sea and Azu Sea. It is the only autonomous republic in Ukraine. It covers an area of 25,500 square kilometers, with a population of about 2.5 million, of which Russians account for nearly 60 % and Ukraine accounts for about 24 %. The capital is Sinfeiropol. Ukraine is the only official language. Strategic status is very important. From a strategic point of view, Crimea is easy to attack and has a very important military significance for the situation in Eastern Europe. It has always been a place for all parties to compete in the war. During World War II, the Germans lost heavy losses when they occupied Crimea. In history, Crimea was occupied by different ethnic groups and was swallowed by Tsarist Russia in 1783. In 1918, Crimea belonged to Russia. In October 1921, the Crimean Autonomous Republic was established and still under the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation. In 1946, the Soviet Union's highest Soviet order issued orders to reduce the Crimean Autonomous Republic to Crimea. In May 1954, in order to commemorate the 300th anniversary of the merger of Ukraine and the Russian Federation, the Soviet Supreme Soviet Presidium ordered Crimean to be placed in Ukraine. Placks after the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Crimea demanded independence or return to Russia. With the increasingly strong independent tendency of Crimea, Ukraine's highest Soviet has passed the decision on Crimea's autonomy. In February 1992, Crimea was renamed the Republic of Crimea; in May of the same year, the Crimean parliament successively passed the "Crimean National Independence Law" and the "Constitution of the Republic of the Crimea". Since then, the constitution has been banned due to the opposition from the Ukrainian government. The 60%of Crimea's population is Russia. With these people, they support Russia and hopes to merge Crimea into Russia. In addition, there are Ukrainians and crickets on the Crimean Peninsula. In the Stalin era, the people were suspected of helping the Germans and suffered racial exiles. About 46%of the exiled people died of hunger and illness. The Rimeian Peninsula, so the people are confused about the Russians. Today, about 300,000 people living in Crimea, accounting for 14%of the total population. In 1954, Kirimia was classified to Ukraine during his administration. 1991 After the Soviet Union, the Crimean Peninsula became part of Ukraine, and many peninsula residents were dissatisfied with this. The Crimean Peninsula announced independence in 1992, but the international community generally did not recognize it, and then decided to stay in Ukraine in the form of the "Autonomous Republic". Crimea has a decisive role in Russian border security security. This is also the representative of Ukraine's pro -Russian forces, and it will inevitably become the center of the subsequent development of the Ukraine conflict. Since the outbreak of the Ukraine crisis, Krimea has continued to meet Russia on the streets, and the situation has intensified, which has obviously become a new explosion of crisis. The argument about the cause of the Ukrainian crisis even from the perspective of the Western world, the commentary on the cause of the crisis is divergent. Judging from a more conservative position, the occurrence of this crisis was from the complete failure of the West to the Russian strategy in the West. It is believed that Russia is far from what they imagined, and it can change its position by providing help or contact guidance. One member. McCain's point of view clearly reflects the position of this camp and believes that Russia is the largest geopolitical enemy in the United States. From the perspective of the more professional positions, the point of view of Matlique, the last ambassador to the Soviet Union in the Soviet Union, is the pride of the United States for a long time, which has led to excessive reactions in Russia. I simply believe that the lack of the necessary knowledge about Russia in Russia's decision -making team on Russia will cause such mistakes. Of course, there are more bizarre, but there may not be another perspective of another perspective, as Mills Heis Merimer said that the United States has made a wrong object at all, and it should not be able to take the wrong object. As an enemy, China is the real opponent of the United States. From the standpoint of Russia, Ukraine and Russia have profound history, culture, economy, and connections; although the Soviet Union disintegrated, it maintained the influence on the former Soviet region such as Ukraine. Essence Since the end of the Cold War, the West has repeatedly broke through the bottom line. For example, Gorbachev's cloud, first after the unity of the two virtues, violated the promise to join NATO, and then pulled the Eastern European and even Baltic countries into NATO and the European Union. Now it is most important to be around Russia. Ukraine, Georgia and other places have been disintegrated through color revolution, which continuously urges step by step to be unacceptable to Russia's geopolitical and economic interests, national historical feelings, and ambitions that revive the status of Russia. The domestic constitutional government in Ukraine and weak national governance capabilities are a long -term structural reasons that cause this turbulence. Since the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Ukraine has undergone several major constitutional changes in more than 20 years. On the surface, the constitutional power structure of Ukraine is a significant sway between the presidential leadership and the parliament -led two, resulting in the long period of time of the people's political identity; in fact, the changes in each constitutional power are always external. In -depth intervention of forces, and the crazy rent -seeking rental of political elites and oligopoly groups, it has prompted Ukrainian corruption and the people have greatly lost their trust in politicians. Since the Ji of the Ji, the western expansion and a series of "color revolution" have made Ukraine internal divisions, and on the other hand, the fragile Russia and the West have significant cracks. The new century's "Golden Ten Years" and Russia's recovery and the overall growth of the national strength, and the spirit of Putin's strong power, made Russia unwilling to deal with the West as the "Cold War Loser". A series of compromise products in a series of Eastern and Western relations, such as the US -Russian strategic weapon negotiation, have been severely disturbed by anti -missile issues; originally used as "adhesive" energy cooperation between Europe and Russia, and because of new factors such as shale gas gas The emergence of shaking. Therefore, Ukraine, which could have become a buffer zone, has a crisis outbreak, which is "accidental." The on November 21, 2013, why did the Russian -Ukraine Agreement become a question from the route pursued by Yanukovic in 2010, he was not a pro -Russian faction. Since the European Union was determined to use Ukraine as a negotiation of the member states in 2013, the Yankovich government has actually vigorously promoted the "superiority" of Ukraine to join the EU. However, at the same time, the EU and International Monetary Fund Organization, at the same time, has inherently puzzled the Ukraine government to conduct a substantial reform of domestic judicial procedures. The purpose is to allow Yanukovic to release the political death rivals Mooshenko. At the same time, he faced the political pressure of the European Union and did not get financial support, and Yanukovic himself faced the nearing background of the election, so he had to decide to turn to Russia. On November 21, 2013, Russia signed an agreement with Ukraine, and Russia agreed to provide $ 15 billion to purchase Ukraine Treasury bonds. Discussion. Unfortunately, Yanukovic did not make any explanation and publicity about the rapid transformation of the country's orientation. As a result, the domestic situation in Ukraine began to be turbulent. In mid -February 2014, since the beginning of February, external forces have greatly strengthened intervention in Ukraine's domestic affairs. This type of intervention is directly related to the composition of Ukrainian government members in the future. At the same time, it is worth noting that the activity of radical opposition, especially the influence of radical forces represented by "right -wing components" suddenly increased. Compared with the "Orange Revolution" in 2004, the radical opposition stance is more right, the behavior is more violent, and there is no fixed leader, but the operation is high and organized. Following, the Yanukovic camp began to differentiate, not only the regional party backbone began to rebel, but the oligarchs gradually turned to cooperate with the opposition. Riot occurred on the Independence Plaza on February 18. Yanukovic himself retreated again, and even Putin also suggested that the police who could not withdraw from the square from the square, but Yanukovic did not accept it. On February 21, under the Witness of Russia, Yanukovic signed an agreement with the Witness of Russia and agreed to return to the 2004 Constitution -Ukrainian Political Bureau once again shifted from the "Presidential Parliament System" to the "President Presidential System ", Established the transition government and agreed to hold a general election by the end of 2014. unexpected changes are that after the agreement was reached on February 21, the "right -wing ingredient" suddenly announced that they would not drive away Yanukovic, and they would fight against armed riots. In this context, the position of the parliament was completely fell, not only "impeached" President Yankovic, but also the new regime announced by the Parliament on February 22 through the Ukraine opposition. Tamagonov, a staff member of the Pi Moshenko, served as an interim president, and the partner of Jimoshenko and the Asian Newks of the Motherland Party served as the Prime Minister of the New Government. On February 21, the agreement became a paper empty text. It has been confirmed that on February 18th, the independent square riots and dozens of people were injured and injured. They were sniper hired by the opposition. It was reproduced in Crimea in the middle. In February 22, the situation in Ukraine did not calm down. On the one hand, right -wing extremists issued racism threats. Western media once reported that the right -wing elements in Ukraine "vowed to fight with Jews and Russians to the end"; Parliament Began to restrict the use of Russian through legislation. At the same time, extensive protests and independent waves appear in the east and south. In early March, the Russian Parliament passed a resolution and agreed to send troops to Ukraine. According to Crimean's official statistics, Crimean residents passed Crimea's full name in Russia with a high ticket of 96.6%on March 16. After Putin responded at a high profile on March 18, and gave a lecture on the Russian elite morale in Parliament, the Crimean Treaty was signed on the spot. Crimea's entry to Russia has stirred a sanction of Western sanctions against Russia. However, from the short term, sanctions cannot cause fatal damage to Russia. In addition to energy, highly independent Russia has a considerable room for rotation space and room. However, if the West is determined to suppress Russia by making a decline in energy prices, it seems that the result will only cause both defeats between Russia and Europe. The currency war between Russia and the United States may surface, but even if the ruble is in a weak position, Russia still has a tool to counter the United States by refusing to use the US dollar as a reserve currency. Including, once the West stops military cooperation with Russia, astronomical figures have great appeal to Russian military sales after all. The world today is really mutually dependent. Prior to the coming of Ukraine's May 25th election, whether it was various domestic factions in Ukraine, or between West and Russia, there were extremely fierce competition. Although Obama and Putin have already launched communication and debate on the constitutional reform of Ukraine through the hotline, the lack of elite elites in Ukraine and the instability of political situations, even Jemolshenko hopes to postpone the time of the election. Before May 25, the call for independence in eastern Ukraine will continue, which will greatly increase the unpredictable risk of fighting before the election. In the whole process: first, the extreme and radical composition in the Ukraine crisis have risen; second, internal and external factors alternately become the key to restricting the situation; The confusing is unprecedented; fourth, the agreement under the witness of the Government and the opposition on February 21 has not been executed as a core event; fifth, Russia's rebound broke through the existing paradigm of the political power after the Cold War. Essence Data sources — people's website: world.people/n/2014/0301/c157278-24501734 The Chinese Social Sciences Network (Chinese Academy of Social Sciences):
The background and origin of the Ukrainian crisis:
The most fundamental reason for the political crisis in Ukraine is the deep confrontation of domestic people on the issue of "walking east" or "walking west". This fundamental contradiction has not been resolved, and the soil in Ukraine's situation has always existed.
Fehr said that from the analysis of population and geographical factors, about one -third of the Ukrainian population speaks of Russian, most of them live in the eastern region near Russia and advocate closely related to Russia; about two -thirds of the population talk Ukraine, mainly living in the central and western regions, tend to be closer to the European Union.
Fehr believes that no matter who is elected president, one of them will be regarded as "their own", and the other is regarded as "enemy" or a "spokesperson" of a certain overseas forces. This kind of opposition has never been eased, which has become a brewing hotbed that is brewing more crisis. It is easy to ferment into a political turmoil after a fiscal crisis has deteriorated and government position mutations.
The background and origin of the Crimean crisis:
Crimea is a multi -ethnic area mainly Russia, and returning to Russia's separate group is active, which is very sensitive to the national policy of Ukraine. The crux of the disturbance of Crimea's political situation is the problem. In Crimea's population composition, Russians account for more than half of them. Ukraines are ethnic minorities. Therefore, Russia's cultural influence has always dominated. Most residents only speak Russian, listen to Russian broadcasts, and watch Russian TV.
The expansion information: On November 22, 2013, Ukraine pro -European faction launched anti -government demonstrations in Kyiv, protesting the masses requested that the government and the European Union signed an agreement, Yanukovic stepped down, and held elections in advance.
On February 22, 2014, Yanukovic was dismissed by the President and announced that he held the presidential election on May 25 of the same year. Subsequently, the Crimean crisis and the Donbass war broke out in the Ukrainian situation.
On March 11, 2014, the Crimean parliament passed the Crimean independence declaration. On April 7, the pro -Russian Russia of Ukrandaton was announced "independently invested in Russia." On April 30, Turchino announced that the force of the black armed forces entered a state of comprehensive combat reserve and decided to recruit troops.
On May 12, 2014, Donetsk and Lugusk State in eastern Ukraine announced the establishment of an independent "sovereign country" Donetsk People's Republic and the Lugusk People's Republic. On May 25, Ukraine held a presidential election. On the 27th, the Ukraine government claimed to regain Donetsk Airport.
Reference materials Source: Baidu Encyclopedia-Ukraine Crisis
Reference materials Source: Baidu Encyclopedia Crimea incident
From a political level, Wu is a small chess game, and the crisis is the opposition. The United States and Europe funded the rebellion forces, and Russia supported the forces of Black and Russia. The United States and Europe do not want to see Ukraine's return to Russia's embrace, because it will mean that the former Soviet forces have risen, and from the perspective of Russia, it should no longer be allowed to be degraded by the CIS territory. As early as the 17th century, Tsarist Russia fought nine wars with Turkey, and eventually returned Crimea into the Russian territory. Later, Western Wuxi entered the Polish territory, and West Wu was the grain area of the food area, and the East Wu was a multi -Russian -Russian -Russian -Russian -Russian -based business area. In various industries, the oligarchs of various industries have been manipulating politics, elections, and economic and financial life. The past presidents and party factions were predecessors of capital interest groups. The party fabricated each other to compete for the right to speak and coaxed you to sing. Out of capital interests, the United States and Europe use the United States and Europe to use the banner of democracy to motivate the people to continue fighting. From a strategic point of view, Crimea is easy to defend and has a very important military significance for the situation in Eastern Europe. It has always been a place for all parties to compete in the war. For example, Crimea occupied Crimea and lost heavy losses. Crimean's 60%of the population is Russia, and they support Russia to merge Crimea into Russia. In 1954, Krigeria was placed at Ukraine during the period. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Kena Peninsula became part of Wu, and many Peninsula citizens were dissatisfied with it. The Crimean Peninsula announced independence in 1992, but the international community generally did not recognize it, and it was decided to stay in Ukraine in the form of the "Autonomous Republic". Starting from the start of the Eastern Partner Program (EU) in 2009 (EU) (the plan to establish a closer relationship with the six member states of the Soviet Union), the European Union has spent a lot of time money and diplomatic means to try to recruit six countries including Wu. However, the EU's actions seriously infringed Russia's strategic interests, so Russia began to involve strong intervention. As a result, before the EU's draw is about to take effect, Putin decisively pulled the Ukrai government back to the CIS camp, triggering the crisis of the Ukraine. Ke has a decisive role in Russia's border defense security. It is also the representative of the Ukraine forces, and it will inevitably become the center of the Ukraine conflict. Therefore, the interests of the interests of national history, geopolitics, and the United States, Europe, and Russia are the causes of crisis.
The extension interpretation:
In Russian, the word Ukraine means "on the edge" and "edge zone". For a long time, the Ukrainians have been embarrassed for this. Around 1990, the political democratization reform launched by Gorbachev was in trouble, and the unified Soviet country was in danger. It was Ukraine the first banner of "independence" and "sovereignty". Around 1990, the former "Comrade of the First Secretary" of the Clarvurchuk of the Republic of Ukraine of the CPSU, a change of body and becoming the "President" of the Republic of Ukraine. He attempted to let Ukraine get rid of the Soviet Union, put it into the Western camp, and squeezed into the "European family" of democracy, civilization, and prosperity.
. More than 20 years have passed, and things are contrary to their wishes. Ukraine, known as "European Grain", has the largest proportion of engineers in the Soviet Union, and the most developed country in manufacturing and engineering technology has almost fallen into the "bottom" of the development of 15 joining the Republic of the Soviet Union. From 1992 to 1999, the GDP of Ukraine decreased by 75%, and about 70%of people lived under poverty, and life was far worse than the Soviet period.
10 years later, Ukraine broke out another "orange leather". Some international political forces cheered and ecstatic, thinking that this was the "fourth wave" of international democratization after the end of the Cold War.然而，没过多久，“色革”狂热之后，一切又现回了原形：“变了色国家”的老百姓从“失望到激动，从激动到希望，从希望到等待，从等待到忍耐，从Patience will be disappointed again and again. After being tossing and being fooled, the people came to a sad conclusion -color leather could not create the myth of democracy and happiness; the output of Western countries was not "true democracy", nor did they regard them as "real friends"; The output is chaotic and disorderly, pursuing geopolitical private interests; Ukraine is just a chessboard on a big country, and ordinary people are just a stepping stone for politicians to fight for power.
In fact, Ukraine is not so much "democratic", it is better to say that political commercialization, marketization, gangs, and regionalization; rather than democratic politics, it is better to fight politics, gang fights, liquidation politics, and liquidation politics and liquidation politics and liquidation politics and liquidation. Revenge culture. Democracy is just a means of competing for interests, and parliament has become a place for competition. The people who have power have been the "Iron and Steel King" in the past few years, and then the "princess of natural gas", so repeated. Here, the generalization of inferior democracy and democratic traps can be accurate. In 2005, even Krav Chuk himself said very much: "If in 1991, if I knew that the motherland would fall to such a situation, I would rather cut off my hands and would not sign the" Bolovir Ri Agreement Agreement "!"
. another 10 years later, the "democratic model" became "democratic chicken ribs": democracy deteriorated, social retrogression, and the road was lost. The changes in the president and the prime minister are like a horse lamp, the corruption is popular, the political liquidation continues, and the national order is chaotic.
It over 20 years, the political changes in the Soviet Union Eastern Europe are thought -provoking. Many ethnic split forces in the Eastern European region of the Soviet Union or aliens within the Communist Party changed their body, from the "first secretary" to "elected president". Once they seized the power of the country, these "free democracy" soils immediately became dictators. The force dispels the parliament, deceives the world, corrupted, and embarrass Western supporters. Democracy has been means and vulgar, and has become the slogan and means of political struggle. After some political forces label themselves on "democracy", they have found the political asylum and protective colors. Since then, they have been exempt from criticism and can explain the rights of others.
For more than 20 years, Ukraine and other countries have lost their development roads, completely caught in the quagmire, and cannot extricate themselves. Swing left and right, pulling east, or east or west. Although the tense of the past three months is ups and downs, it is not surprising. It can be said that the political logic is inevitable. Ukraine returns to its original point 10 years ago and 20 years ago. Looking at the future, if all parties in Ukraine cannot reach consensus on fundamental issues such as the national construction and development path as soon as possible, but continue to fall into the quagmires such as party disputes, ethnic and regional contradictions, and continue to conduct the interests of the wealthy and party interests, then Ukraine then It will not be able to fundamentally get rid of the constraints of "seams" of the great power, to escape the strange circle of "periodic" political turmoil, nor can it get rid of the muds of marginal survival.
In terms of internal factors, the Ukraine crisis has been swaying on the issue of or westing or west since the Soviet Union's disintegration. The oligopoly is forced to be in power. In terms of factors, the two superpowers of the United States and Russia continue to fight against the dark and middle. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the United States and Europe continued to expand eastward. A group of small brothers of the former Soviet Union joined the military organization NATO for the former Soviet Union, and encouraged the second largest Soviet Union to join Ukraine to join NATO. Due to beasts, especially fighting. And Russia used most people in the east of Ukraine to accounted for most people. The border between Russia and Ukraine was long, inciting local people's independence, and using anti -government armed forces to carry out armed struggle with government forces to consume the national strength of the Ukraine from military and economic consumption. At the same time, Crimea's independence, which was semi -jurisdictional, has achieved the most important strategic base of the Black Sea.
Russian President Putin attended a press conference at the New Ogaror Wo Wo official residence on the outskirts of Moscow. Putin said on the same day that Ukraine is happening a "unconstitutional coup", and Russia can use the army for Ukraine only in the "most extreme case". This is the first time that Putin has made a public statement after the upgrade of the Ukrainian situation.
Crimea is located on the Crimean Peninsula in southern Ukraine. It is the only autonomous republic in Ukraine. Such an important geographical location determines that Russia will not hear it. In fact, as early as the 17th century, Tsarist Russia fought nine wars with Turkey, and eventually returned Crimea into the Russian territory.
From a strategic perspective, Crimea is easy to defend and has a very important military significance for the situation in Eastern Europe. It has always been a place for all parties to compete in the war. During World War II, the Germans lost heavy losses when they occupied Crimea.
The 60%of Crimea today is Russia. With these people, they support Russia and hopes to merge Crimea into Russia. In addition, there are Ukrainians and crickets on the Crimean Peninsula. In the Stalin era, the people were suspected of helping the Germans and suffered racial exiles. About 46%of the exiled people died of hunger and illness. The Rimeian Peninsula, so the people are confused about the Russians. Today, about 300,000 people living in Crimea, accounting for 14%of the total population. In 1954, Kirimia was classified to Ukraine during his administration.
1991 After the Soviet Union, the Crimean Peninsula became part of Ukraine, and many peninsula residents were dissatisfied with this. The Crimean Peninsula announced independence in 1992, but the international community generally did not recognize it, and then decided to stay in Ukraine in the form of the "Autonomous Republic".
Crimea has a decisive role in Russian border security security. This is also the representative of Ukraine's pro -Russian forces, and it will inevitably become the center of the subsequent development of the Ukraine conflict. Since the outbreak of the Ukraine crisis, Krimea has continued to meet Russia on the streets, and the situation has intensified, which has obviously become a new explosion of crisis.
Themoval of the Fang's wrestling in Crimea since the riots in Ukraine.
On February 26, the pro -Ukraine demonstrators clashed with pro -Russian demonstrators in the Crimean capital, Sinfelopol.
On February 27, the Parliament and Government Building of Ukraine Autonomous Republics rose to the Russian flag.
On February 28, the Russian Ministry of Defense stated that the Russian Black Sea Fleet armored forces had entered Crimea to protect the security of the garrison.
On March 1, the Russian Federal Commission unanimously adopted the proposal of Russian President Putin and decided to authorize the Russian troops to send troops in Ukraine.
On March 1, after the Russian military forces entered Crimea, US President Barack Obama and Putin talked to the situation on Ukraine. The United States condemned Russia's "military intervention" Ukraine and asked the Russian general to "withdraw" its base in Crimea.
On March 2nd, most of the Wu garrisons were "inverted", and the Russian outbreak of march supported the sending troops.
On March 3, the Russian Black Sea Fleet issued a final warning to the Ukrainian army stationed in Crimea, limited to surrender before 11:00 on the 4th Beijing time, otherwise it will "face storms." The warning caused the entire situation to heat up again.
On March 4, Putin held a press conference in the residence in the suburbs of Moscow, saying that he would not move in Crimea for the time being.
Crimea is located in the Crimean Peninsula in southern Ukraine. It is on the verge of the Black Sea and Azu Sea. It is the only autonomous republic in Ukraine. It covers an area of 25,500 square kilometers, with a population of about 2.5 million, of which Russians account for nearly 60 % and Ukraine accounts for about 24 %. The capital is Sinfeiropol. Ukraine is the only official language. Strategic status is very important. From a strategic point of view, Crimea is easy to attack and has a very important military significance for the situation in Eastern Europe. It has always been a place for all parties to compete in the war. During World War II, the Germans lost heavy losses when they occupied Crimea.
In history, Crimea was occupied by different ethnic groups and was swallowed by Tsarist Russia in 1783. In 1918, Crimea belonged to Russia. In October 1921, the Crimean Autonomous Republic was established and still under the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation. In 1946, the Soviet Union's highest Soviet order issued orders to reduce the Crimean Autonomous Republic to Crimea. In May 1954, in order to commemorate the 300th anniversary of the merger of Ukraine and the Russian Federation, the Soviet Supreme Soviet Presidium ordered Crimean to be placed in Ukraine.
Placks after the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Crimea demanded independence or return to Russia. With the increasingly strong independent tendency of Crimea, Ukraine's highest Soviet has passed the decision on Crimea's autonomy. In February 1992, Crimea was renamed the Republic of Crimea; in May of the same year, the Crimean parliament successively passed the "Crimean National Independence Law" and the "Constitution of the Republic of the Crimea". Since then, the constitution has been banned due to the opposition from the Ukrainian government.
The 60%of Crimea's population is Russia. With these people, they support Russia and hopes to merge Crimea into Russia. In addition, there are Ukrainians and crickets on the Crimean Peninsula. In the Stalin era, the people were suspected of helping the Germans and suffered racial exiles. About 46%of the exiled people died of hunger and illness. The Rimeian Peninsula, so the people are confused about the Russians. Today, about 300,000 people living in Crimea, accounting for 14%of the total population. In 1954, Kirimia was classified to Ukraine during his administration.
1991 After the Soviet Union, the Crimean Peninsula became part of Ukraine, and many peninsula residents were dissatisfied with this. The Crimean Peninsula announced independence in 1992, but the international community generally did not recognize it, and then decided to stay in Ukraine in the form of the "Autonomous Republic".
Crimea has a decisive role in Russian border security security. This is also the representative of Ukraine's pro -Russian forces, and it will inevitably become the center of the subsequent development of the Ukraine conflict. Since the outbreak of the Ukraine crisis, Krimea has continued to meet Russia on the streets, and the situation has intensified, which has obviously become a new explosion of crisis.
The argument about the cause of the Ukrainian crisis even from the perspective of the Western world, the commentary on the cause of the crisis is divergent. Judging from a more conservative position, the occurrence of this crisis was from the complete failure of the West to the Russian strategy in the West. It is believed that Russia is far from what they imagined, and it can change its position by providing help or contact guidance. One member. McCain's point of view clearly reflects the position of this camp and believes that Russia is the largest geopolitical enemy in the United States. From the perspective of the more professional positions, the point of view of Matlique, the last ambassador to the Soviet Union in the Soviet Union, is the pride of the United States for a long time, which has led to excessive reactions in Russia. I simply believe that the lack of the necessary knowledge about Russia in Russia's decision -making team on Russia will cause such mistakes. Of course, there are more bizarre, but there may not be another perspective of another perspective, as Mills Heis Merimer said that the United States has made a wrong object at all, and it should not be able to take the wrong object. As an enemy, China is the real opponent of the United States.
From the standpoint of Russia, Ukraine and Russia have profound history, culture, economy, and connections; although the Soviet Union disintegrated, it maintained the influence on the former Soviet region such as Ukraine. Essence Since the end of the Cold War, the West has repeatedly broke through the bottom line. For example, Gorbachev's cloud, first after the unity of the two virtues, violated the promise to join NATO, and then pulled the Eastern European and even Baltic countries into NATO and the European Union. Now it is most important to be around Russia. Ukraine, Georgia and other places have been disintegrated through color revolution, which continuously urges step by step to be unacceptable to Russia's geopolitical and economic interests, national historical feelings, and ambitions that revive the status of Russia.
The domestic constitutional government in Ukraine and weak national governance capabilities are a long -term structural reasons that cause this turbulence. Since the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Ukraine has undergone several major constitutional changes in more than 20 years. On the surface, the constitutional power structure of Ukraine is a significant sway between the presidential leadership and the parliament -led two, resulting in the long period of time of the people's political identity; in fact, the changes in each constitutional power are always external. In -depth intervention of forces, and the crazy rent -seeking rental of political elites and oligopoly groups, it has prompted Ukrainian corruption and the people have greatly lost their trust in politicians.
Since the Ji of the Ji, the western expansion and a series of "color revolution" have made Ukraine internal divisions, and on the other hand, the fragile Russia and the West have significant cracks. The new century's "Golden Ten Years" and Russia's recovery and the overall growth of the national strength, and the spirit of Putin's strong power, made Russia unwilling to deal with the West as the "Cold War Loser". A series of compromise products in a series of Eastern and Western relations, such as the US -Russian strategic weapon negotiation, have been severely disturbed by anti -missile issues; originally used as "adhesive" energy cooperation between Europe and Russia, and because of new factors such as shale gas gas The emergence of shaking. Therefore, Ukraine, which could have become a buffer zone, has a crisis outbreak, which is "accidental."
The on November 21, 2013, why did the Russian -Ukraine Agreement become a question from the route pursued by Yanukovic in 2010, he was not a pro -Russian faction. Since the European Union was determined to use Ukraine as a negotiation of the member states in 2013, the Yankovich government has actually vigorously promoted the "superiority" of Ukraine to join the EU. However, at the same time, the EU and International Monetary Fund Organization, at the same time, has inherently puzzled the Ukraine government to conduct a substantial reform of domestic judicial procedures. The purpose is to allow Yanukovic to release the political death rivals Mooshenko. At the same time, he faced the political pressure of the European Union and did not get financial support, and Yanukovic himself faced the nearing background of the election, so he had to decide to turn to Russia. On November 21, 2013, Russia signed an agreement with Ukraine, and Russia agreed to provide $ 15 billion to purchase Ukraine Treasury bonds. Discussion. Unfortunately, Yanukovic did not make any explanation and publicity about the rapid transformation of the country's orientation. As a result, the domestic situation in Ukraine began to be turbulent.
In mid -February 2014, since the beginning of February, external forces have greatly strengthened intervention in Ukraine's domestic affairs. This type of intervention is directly related to the composition of Ukrainian government members in the future. At the same time, it is worth noting that the activity of radical opposition, especially the influence of radical forces represented by "right -wing components" suddenly increased. Compared with the "Orange Revolution" in 2004, the radical opposition stance is more right, the behavior is more violent, and there is no fixed leader, but the operation is high and organized. Following, the Yanukovic camp began to differentiate, not only the regional party backbone began to rebel, but the oligarchs gradually turned to cooperate with the opposition. Riot occurred on the Independence Plaza on February 18. Yanukovic himself retreated again, and even Putin also suggested that the police who could not withdraw from the square from the square, but Yanukovic did not accept it. On February 21, under the Witness of Russia, Yanukovic signed an agreement with the Witness of Russia and agreed to return to the 2004 Constitution -Ukrainian Political Bureau once again shifted from the "Presidential Parliament System" to the "President Presidential System ", Established the transition government and agreed to hold a general election by the end of 2014.
unexpected changes are that after the agreement was reached on February 21, the "right -wing ingredient" suddenly announced that they would not drive away Yanukovic, and they would fight against armed riots. In this context, the position of the parliament was completely fell, not only "impeached" President Yankovic, but also the new regime announced by the Parliament on February 22 through the Ukraine opposition. Tamagonov, a staff member of the Pi Moshenko, served as an interim president, and the partner of Jimoshenko and the Asian Newks of the Motherland Party served as the Prime Minister of the New Government. On February 21, the agreement became a paper empty text. It has been confirmed that on February 18th, the independent square riots and dozens of people were injured and injured. They were sniper hired by the opposition. It was reproduced in Crimea in the middle.
In February 22, the situation in Ukraine did not calm down. On the one hand, right -wing extremists issued racism threats. Western media once reported that the right -wing elements in Ukraine "vowed to fight with Jews and Russians to the end"; Parliament Began to restrict the use of Russian through legislation. At the same time, extensive protests and independent waves appear in the east and south. In early March, the Russian Parliament passed a resolution and agreed to send troops to Ukraine. According to Crimean's official statistics, Crimean residents passed Crimea's full name in Russia with a high ticket of 96.6%on March 16. After Putin responded at a high profile on March 18, and gave a lecture on the Russian elite morale in Parliament, the Crimean Treaty was signed on the spot.
Crimea's entry to Russia has stirred a sanction of Western sanctions against Russia. However, from the short term, sanctions cannot cause fatal damage to Russia. In addition to energy, highly independent Russia has a considerable room for rotation space and room. However, if the West is determined to suppress Russia by making a decline in energy prices, it seems that the result will only cause both defeats between Russia and Europe. The currency war between Russia and the United States may surface, but even if the ruble is in a weak position, Russia still has a tool to counter the United States by refusing to use the US dollar as a reserve currency. Including, once the West stops military cooperation with Russia, astronomical figures have great appeal to Russian military sales after all. The world today is really mutually dependent.
Prior to the coming of Ukraine's May 25th election, whether it was various domestic factions in Ukraine, or between West and Russia, there were extremely fierce competition. Although Obama and Putin have already launched communication and debate on the constitutional reform of Ukraine through the hotline, the lack of elite elites in Ukraine and the instability of political situations, even Jemolshenko hopes to postpone the time of the election. Before May 25, the call for independence in eastern Ukraine will continue, which will greatly increase the unpredictable risk of fighting before the election.
In the whole process: first, the extreme and radical composition in the Ukraine crisis have risen; second, internal and external factors alternately become the key to restricting the situation; The confusing is unprecedented; fourth, the agreement under the witness of the Government and the opposition on February 21 has not been executed as a core event; fifth, Russia's rebound broke through the existing paradigm of the political power after the Cold War. Essence
Data sources —
people's website: world.people/n/2014/0301/c157278-24501734
The Chinese Social Sciences Network (Chinese Academy of Social Sciences):
/zzx/gjzzx_zzx/201408/t20140813_1289507.shtml r n